HSRP (First-Hop Redundancy)
HSRP provides a virtual default gateway so hosts keep connectivity if a router fails.
Updated: 2026-03-05
Definition
First-hop redundancy protocols like HSRP create a virtual IP/MAC used as the default gateway.
If the active router fails, the standby takes over with minimal disruption.
Key points
- Virtual IP for default gateway
- Active/standby roles
- Improves gateway availability
Common mistakes
- Not tracking uplinks causing the wrong router to stay active.
- Misunderstanding host gateway configuration (hosts use virtual IP).
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