Spanning Tree Protocol (STP)
STP prevents Layer 2 loops by blocking redundant paths.
Updated: 2026-03-05
Definition
STP avoids switching loops by creating a loop-free topology: it selects a root bridge and blocks some redundant links.
Without STP, L2 loops cause broadcast storms and MAC table instability.
Key points
- Root bridge selection is critical
- Redundant links are blocked to prevent loops
- RSTP speeds up convergence vs classic STP
Common mistakes
- Assuming redundancy 'just works' without STP/RSTP tuning.
- Misconfiguring root bridge priority, leading to suboptimal paths.
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